Cancer Advocacy Update

My friend Beth has been denied the chemotherapy drugs her doctor is recommending she get to treat her metastatic breast cancer. Her insurance company, +Blue Cross and Blue Shield Service Benefit Plan doesn't think she should have them. They did a cost-benefit analysis, apparently, and decided Beth's life wasn't worth it. I think that about sums it up.

I am angry, and you should be too.

***

Photo by Stan Mouser

I flew to DC last week and spent all day Thursday at a policy roundtable to discuss the future of cancer policy post-election. What happens to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA/Obamacare)? Will Vice President Biden's Cancer Moonshot still get funded? Is Paul Ryan going to be successful in privatizing Medicare? Will the Medicaid expansion go away?

Mostly, I listened, because there were some serious wonks on those panels, women and men who've spent their entire careers focused on healthcare policy and how to improve the system. I also asked a few questions. 

Deep into a discussion on "high-risk pools" and the need to draw in "young immortals" to decrease overall insurance costs, I raised my hand. 

"Hi. I was one of those 'young immortals' until I was diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer at age 32. Metastatic cancer in young people is on the rise, but people are also living longer with cancer. Cancer is expensive. What about lifetime and annual limits, which are currently prohibited under the Affordable Care Act?"

To which the response was, essentially, "Your life matters. I'm sorry for your experience. But trade-offs will have to be made."

Trade-offs. This is what we're up against, folks.

***

Here is what I learned, although nearly every speaker admitted we are all trying to read tea leaves at this point. No one really knows what a Trump administration is going to look like, but we do know that the Republican Congress of the last several years has voted to repeal the ACA more than 60 times. 

One panelist likened it to a dog who finally caught the car. The question is what does the dog do now? 

1. Repeal and replace was just a campaign slogan. The general consensus was there is not currently any republican agreement on what to replace the ACA with. So there will be efforts to repeal, possibly with a phasing in of something else down the road. There are legislative tricks up those republican sleeves, including a way to repeal without the requisite sixty-vote majority typically needed in the Senate. Get poised to hear budget reconciliation a lot. And if you don't currently have insurance coverage and think you might want it, APPLY FOR COVERAGE NOW. Keep current on your payments. Those with existing coverage may be grandfathered in to new legislation, if and when new legislation is introduced.
2. Medicare (and Medicaid) as we know it is at risk. Speaker of the House Paul Ryan has repeatedly made it clear he wants to overhaul Medicare (likely to privatize it, similar to what happened with our prison system. That didn't work out so well.) Another panelist said she'd be shocked if this happens in the same year as a repeal of Obamacare, but it's still at risk. While many panelists cautioned that republicans gut Medicare -- and potentially alienate the AARP crowd -- at their peril, Paul Ryan and company seem determined to move on this one. And if the ACA is repealed, so goes the Medicaid expansion. 
3. Cancer Moonshot funding is a concern. Congressional appropriations for fiscal year 2017 are at a stand-still because of the election (with another continuing resolution expected before December 9th), and didn't include specific funding for the moonshot anyway. At least one advocacy organization is urging its followers to reach out to Congress and demand a vote on NIH funding this year, rather than flatline the funding at 2016 levels. Another opportunity for funding the moonshot is the 21st Century Cures Act, which increases funds in exchange for decreasing regulations at the FDA. But prospects for that legislation during this lame-duck session are murky. I feel like I'm giving you answers straight out of a Magic 8 Ball: reply hazy try again. 
4. Speaking of the Moonshot, MATCH Trials have begun. These clinical trials aim to analyze patients' tumors for genetic abnormalities for which we already have targeted therapies. We might have data from these trials in as soon as one year. The current acting director of the National Cancer Institutes is planning on staying on in this administration as long as possible. Typically, it takes new presidents about a year to replace these appointees.
5. Advocacy is more important than ever. Every speaker mentioned it. We need to tell our stories and show that we are more than just a cost in the cost-benefit analyses that Congress and insurance companies are doing. We need to talk about why the Affordable Care Act is important (protections against prohibiting coverage for pre-existing conditions and bans on annual and lifetime coverage limits are my two gems). Is the ACA important to you? TELL YOUR STORY HERE. And write, email, or tweet Congress to tell them your concerns. 

***

After a full day of policy information that was admittedly bleak, I went with a representative from MetaVivor to meet a friend on Capitol Hill. We talked about how her office can help us in the cancer community. We have allies on the Hill who understand how expensive treatment is, who know women (and men) are dying by the hundreds every day, and who want to keep the protections that have been in place for several years now. They (and I) also understand the current system isn't perfect, but we don't believe the answer is cutting off protections and coverage for millions of people. 

People like my friend Beth cannot afford gaps in insurance, let alone insurance that isn't working for them and denying treatments. Another friend told me she would stop treatment rather than bankrupt her family, if she lost her access to Medicare. My friends are having to think about making the choice to die or pay their bills.

We have work to do.

A Series of Catastrophes & Miracles

I honestly wasn't sure about reviewing this memoir on my blog. I haven't even been writing about me on my blog lately because I can't find the words. I don't know if it's the vernal equinox, or the fact that we finally chose a kindergarten -- hallelujah -- after months of debates and tours and assessments and non-refundable deposits, or if it's because I'm also training for and fundraising my butt off for a 39.3-mile walk in a little over two weeks. 

Here I am mid-sentence talking about the importance of research to more success stories like mine (and raffling off prizes from Reynvaan Family Vineyards). I've had 2.5 years with no evidence of disease because of science. My teammate @jessdresang and I raised more than $2100 this weekend. Thank you to everyone who came out to support us, to everyone who's supported me over the last 5 years. FIVE YEARS! #avon39 #metsmonday

A photo posted by Jen Campisano (@jencampisano) on May 16, 2016 at 2:38pm PDT

Whatever the reason, I haven't found time (or words) to write lately.

But the publicist appealed to the mom in me. The synopsis she sent promised the story of a mom diagnosed with metastatic cancer who experiences nothing short of a medical miracle. More than anything, I wanted to read A Series of Catastrophes & Miracles because who doesn't love a good miracle? Isn't it what we all hope for? So I said yes and received my copy in the mail a few weeks ago. 

From the opening "Spoiler: I lived.", I was hooked. I freaking devoured this book. So if you're looking for a more balanced review, you may want to look elsewhere. I'll be over here re-reading my copy a few more times. You should go get your own.

As a stage 4 cancer patient, of course I could relate to so many of Ms. Williams' experiences -- MRIs and PET/CT scans, learning the language of cancer, facing your mortality far younger than you ever expected, even dealing with scars because your body has been carved up in an attempt to rid you of the disease that might kill you. "I do what I can to cover my scar, so the sun won't burn more cancer around the part of my scalp the doctors removed--and also because I don't want my freakishness to make people uncomfortable. And by people, I mostly mean my own children," Ms. Williams writes. She is witty and snarky and reminds me of some of my best friends.

So many times in the book, I wished I could sit down with her over coffee and scones -- or a glass of wine -- to say, "Me, too. I've been there." I've lost too many friends. I've marveled at my response to treatment when others whose disease seems the same on paper don't fare as well. "This is the cruel reality of successful cancer treatment. You want so much for everybody to get what you got, and for it to work like it did on you, but that's not how it happens. Instead, getting better often feels as random as getting sick was," she says.

I wanted to give Ms. Williams a high-five and a hug for lauding the scientists who hand her her miracle. She writes, "And just to be perfectly clear on this point in case somehow you missed it--I didn't get better because I prayed correctly or because I'm strong. I got better because the science worked on me." A-freaking-men. The author's calls for more research -- because sometimes it works! -- are woven throughout the narrative, and I hope above all this book spurs a loud public cry for science funding increases.

As a wife who's watched my husband lose both his parents, there were uncanny parallels in Ms. Williams' story and my own. Through the difficulties of loss, and how a marriage can contain enormous grief yet still find space for enduring love, I found myself wanting to underline and highlight entire chapters. "Yes, this. And also this," I kept thinking, often through tears.

And as a mom, I could also relate. In one passage, Ms. Williams writes, "When I walk in the door at last, the first thing I do is the first thing I always do when I get in late. I peek in on the girls and their dreaming forms. Sometimes, when I look at them, I see the babies they once were, all flushed and milk drunk in my arms, their chubby hands curled around my finger. I remember them pulling up to standing in the crib, then plopping down on unsteady legs with surprised giggles. Other times, I look at them and see two young women, a bride and her maid of honor at a wedding, or two grubby travelers throwing down backpacks in the hall after a month hiking Central America together. I want to be there, I think, as I watch them from the doorway, for all of it." 

I put the book down then, got out of bed to go check on Quinn, and listened to the sound of his rhythmic nighttime breathing. I know this mom. I know this love. I want to be there for all of it, too. Here's to more miracles.

About A Series of Catastrophes and Miracles

• Hardcover: 304 pages • Publisher: National Geographic; 1 edition (April 26, 2016) A wry, witty account of what it is like to face death—and be restored to life. After being diagnosed in her early 40s with metastatic melanoma—a "rapidly fatal" form of cancer—journalist and mother of two Mary Elizabeth Williams finds herself in a race against the clock. She takes a once-in-a-lifetime chance and joins a clinical trial for immunotherapy, a revolutionary drug regimen that trains the body to vanquish malignant cells. Astonishingly, her cancer disappears entirely in just a few weeks. But at the same time, her best friend embarks on a cancer journey of her own—with very different results. Williams's experiences as a patient and a medical test subject reveal with stark honesty what it takes to weather disease, the extraordinary new developments that are rewriting the rules of science—and the healing power of human connection.

Purchase Links

National Geographic | Amazon | Barnes & Noble

About Mary Elizabeth Williams

Mary Elizabeth Williams is a senior staff writer for award-winning Salon.com whose columns are regularly among the top viewed, commented on, shared, and cited as the best of the week. The "Lab Rat" series on her clinical trial was nominated for the 2012 Online Journalism Award for Commentary, and her essay on receiving a melanoma diagnosis is in the Harper anthology The Moment, an Entertainment Weekly "Must List" pick—alongside essays by Elizabeth Gilbert, Jennifer Egan, and Dave Eggers. She is the author of Gimme Shelter: Ugly Houses, Cruddy Neighborhoods, Fast Talking Brokers, and Toxic Mortgages: My Three Years Searching for the American Dream. A starred Booklist selection,Gimme Shelter was called "poignant and funny" (Kirkus), "a must-read" (New York Daily News), "hilariously evocative" (Time Out Kids) and "compelling" (Publisher's Weekly). She lives in New York City with her husband and two daughters. Find out more about her at her website.

Where to Turn for Help After a Cancer Diagnosis

I've got a few things brewing over here, including an event that's taking Quinn and me to New York City next week (more on that to come) and the fact that I sent my completed manuscript to my agent last week (!!!) I'm excited to share all of this with you guys as it unfolds, and I hope with every ounce of my being that what I'm doing -- all of it -- is of service to the metastatic breast cancer community.

{here's a hint about our NYC trip}

As part of one of these initiatives, I was on the phone the other day with a woman who's working on a story about living with metastatic breast cancer for October, that loaded month, and she asked me whether I felt there had been enough resources and support services when I was first diagnosed.

Um, NO, is the quick answer.

But it got me thinking that I should write about the resources that have emerged and what I've found useful, in case it might help someone else out there. Have any to add? Please leave a note in the comments!

• One major source of information was Dr. Susan Love's Breast Book,* which is now in its sixth iteration. I especially appreciate that this new edition includes an updated chapter on metastatic disease that offers some hope for emerging therapies and longevity. This book has been called "the bible for women with breast cancer," with good reason. When I was first diagnosed, I wanted to know as much as possible about the cancer inside of me, without the fear that can be brought on by "Dr. Google." Here was my answer, clearly laid out in the pages of this easy-to-read book. Fully indexed and written for the layperson, Dr. Susan Love's Breast Book takes a comprehensive look at breast cancer prevention, staging, treatments, pathology, and emerging research. In a field where new information is always emerging, this book offers a treasure trove of the latest data.

• I have a love/hate relationship with support groups, both online and in-person. I love the potential of what they have to offer, but participating in them can be an emotional roller coaster. After all, you get close to people and in many cases, you have to face their worsening health or death. For awhile after my first course of treatment -- and every once in awhile since then -- I need a break to let my emotions recover a bit. When I was first diagnosed, a friend referred me to the Young Survival Coalition's Facebook support group. At the time, it was both a treasure trove of other women who were going through the same treatments as I was and a place where I didn't feel I completely fit in because there weren't many women with metastatic disease (fortunately). In the last four-plus years, I think YSC has done more to support metsters, but other groups targeted at young women with Stage 4 breast cancer have also emerged on social media. If you want to be added, find/message me on Facebook (link from the button on my blog). Note that there are fairly strict privacy rules on these boards. 

• Speaking of social media, you may have heard me mention the Twitter chat with the hashtag #bcsm. This takes place on Monday nights at 6 PM Pacific / 9 EST. Topics range from the invisible scars of breast cancer to parenting with cancer to how to change the conversation around metastatic breast cancer. The chat is for all stages and ages, but is an excellent way to share information and find support. 

• I have mentioned before how lucky I am to have the health insurance and access to care that I do, but I know everyone isn't so fortunate. I do think that the Affordable Care Act has made significant strides in ensuring access to care. I, for one, am relieved that I can't be denied insurance despite my poor health history. For assistance with co-pays and drug costs, check with the drug company providing your drugs. I know Genentech, the company that makes Kadcyla, has patient assistance programs to offer reduced-cost drugs to patients whose insurance doesn't cover the cost.**

• On a similar note, the reason I walk in the Avon 39 Walk to End Breast Cancer every year is because of the programs they fund to provide everything from free screenings to women who can't afford them to meals to people who've been diagnosed with cancer. Obviously, services will vary depending on where in the country you are, but here are a few national organizations:
• Cleaning for a Reason: "Our mission is to give the gift of free house cleaning for women undergoing treatment for any type of cancer. Our goal is to let these brave and strong women focus on their health and treatment while we focus on, and take away the worry and work of, cleaning their homes– free of charge." I reached out to this service early on in my treatment and they didn't have any partnered cleaning companies in Phoenix/Scottsdale, but they may be worth a try in your area.
• Look Good/Feel Better: Because sometimes a little blush does make it easier to face the day.
• Little Pink Houses of Hope: Offering family beach vacations/retreats for people directly affected by breast cancer.
• First Descents: If you're feeling adventurous, First Descents offers surfing, rock climbing, white water rafting, and ice climbing (!!) trips for cancer survivors.

• Other national organizations offer links to local support services. For example, the American Cancer Society has a location-specific searchable database for everything from free wigs to counseling/therapy. Living Beyond Breast Cancer is another excellent source of information, including a search function for clinical trials specific to metastatic breast cancer. 

• Finally, I have heard excellent things about the Livestrong Foundation's fertility services, for those of us who've lost ours to cancer and/or cancer treatments.

What resources do you wish there were more of? What have you found especially useful? What have I left off this list?? And PLEASE let me know if you've gone on a surfing trip and/or family retreat -- I'd love to hear how that went!

* Dr. Love recently provided me with a free copy of this 6th edition, but I already had the 4th edition on my bookshelf. All opinions on the book are my own.

** One of my best friends works for Genentech, but I have not talked to her (or the company) about this post.

Around the Web: End of Summer Edition

Kids are back in school everywhere, it seems, based on all of the adorable Facebook posts of your kids holding signs about what grade they're entering. This is one of my favorite times of year on social media. Pumpkin patch season is next up, I think.

Anyway, here's my husband (a professor) with his take on the meme (and yes, this is how he typically dresses for work).

It's true: save for this weekend, summer's just about over (even if our thermostat begs to differ). And I owe you all some news. So here's the research I found around the web over the last couple of months. I wasn't just eating bonbons by the pool, you guys. Who am I kidding? I wasn't doing that at all, but a girl can dream.

Scientists Turn Cancer Cells Back to Normal, Could "Switch Off" Disease

WELL, THIS WOULD BE AMAZING. Clinical trials stat, please.

"For the first time, aggressive breast, lung and bladder cancer cells have been turned back into harmless benign cells by restoring the function which prevents them from multiplying excessively and forming dangerous growths.

Scientists at the Mayo Clinic in Florida in the U.S. said it was like applying the brakes to a speeding car.

So far it has only been tested on human cells in the lab, but the researchers are hopeful that the technique could one day be used to target tumours so that cancer could be “switched off” without the need for harsh chemotherapy or surgery."

No Surprise Here: Cancer Drugs Are Freaking Expensive

"[The report] goes on to matter-of-factly lay out the harsh financial realities many people face after a cancer diagnosis, a suite of diseases that will affect 1 in 3 individuals over their lifetime. While the cost of new drugs has soared to well over $100,000 a year, the out-of-pocket expenses patients are expected to bear have also gone up to 20 to 30 percent. Because of these costs, about 10% to 20% of patients with cancer do not take the prescribed treatment or compromise it."

So Here's to Generic Drugs!

"There's new evidence that two inexpensive generic drugs can improve survival rates for women who develop breast cancer after menopause.

In two large studies published Friday in The Lancet, a class of hormone-therapy drugs called aromatase inhibitors and bone-preserving drugs called bisphosphonates improved survival and recurrence rates in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer."

As if You Needed It: Another Reason to Quit Smoking

But none of my readers still smoke, right? 

"Among more than 800 women with breast cancer, those who had smoked for more than two decades had at least triple the odds of dying of any cause, or from breast cancer in particular, compared with women who never used cigarettes."

A "Glimmer of Hope" for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients

"Using mouse models of triple-negative breast cancer, the team reduced expression of IL13RA2 in cancer cells. They found that lowering IL13RA2 was associated with much slower tumor growth, and the cancer cells were much less likely to spread to the lungs.
Based on their findings, Thiagalingam and colleagues believe IL13RA2 plays a role in the growth and spread of triple-negative breast cancer, suggesting the molecule may be an important drug target for the disease. Thiagalingam adds:

"This discovery offers a glimmer of hope for patients stricken with BLBC. Personalized cancer therapies could be developed by targeting breast cancer cells that express copious levels of IL13RA2."

What is more, the researchers say their findings could lead to treatment strategies for other forms of cancer involving high IL13RA2 expression, such as ovarian, brain, colon and pancreatic cancers."

And More Options for Her-2+ Patients (Like Myself)

"Treatment-refractory HER2-positive metastatic breast cancers are becoming increasingly rare due to the recent advent of multitargeted HER2 receptor blockade mechanisms that utilize novel antibodies and antibody–drug conjugates even as the roster of new therapies under study for this patient population continues to expand, according to Mohammed Jahanzeb, MD.

“The landscape is really shifting,” said Jahanzeb, a breast and lung cancer expert.

Jahanzeb said many novel agents including antibody–drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and immunotherapies are being evaluated for patients with recurrent disease at a time when outcomes are improving. “The field is very rich,” he said. “Actually, what is not so rich is access to these patients [for clinical trials]. Luckily for them, fewer are relapsing.”"

Further Evidence that Our Immune Systems Have a Role to Play in Fighting Cancer

"A cancer patient's chances of survival seem to depend partly on activity in specific genes and immune system cells, a new study suggests.

Using data from nearly 18,000 people who were treated for cancer, scientists found that particular patterns of gene activity corresponded to patients' survival odds -- across a whole range of cancers, including brain, breast, colon and lung cancers."

Another Novel Approach? Overstimulate Certain Cancer Cells to Kill Them

This is not yet available in a clinical setting, but researchers are optimistic.

"A drug candidate that overstimulates proteins crucial for tumor growth shows promise as a new strategy to treat a wide range of cancers. The demands of rapid cell division put a strain on cancer cells, and the approach works by tipping cell stress over the edge. In the August 10 issue of Cancer Cell, American researchers show that the drug candidate inhibits tumor growth in a mouse model of breast cancer and efficiently kills a broad range of human cancer cells.

"No prior drug has been previously developed or proposed that actually stimulates an oncogene to promote therapy," says co-senior study author David Lonard of Baylor College of Medicine. "Our prototype drug works in multiple types of cancers and encourages us that this could be a more general addition to the cancer drug arsenal.""

Blood Test Could Predict Breast Cancer's Return

I'm not sure if I'd want this, for the same reasons I won't go see a psychic. Would you get the test?

"An experimental blood test may be able to predict whether a woman with breast cancer will suffer a relapse months before new tumors would be detectable on scans, researchers said Wednesday.

The technology, described in the journal Science Translational Medicine, works by detecting cancer DNA that circulates in the bloodstream.

While the test is not yet available to the public, and likely will not be for years to come, researchers are hopeful that it could help refine personalized treatments for cancer and perhaps lead scientists further down the path of finding a cure one day.

"We have shown how a simple blood test has the potential to accurately predict which patients will relapse from breast cancer, much earlier than we can currently," said study author Nicholas Turner, team leader in molecular oncology at The Institute of Cancer Research, London."

Around the Web: Italy Edition

Thanks for the great feedback about keeping this series here. (Although it seems as if once a month might be my posting schedule for a lil' bit.) I've been pulled in a lot of different directions lately, not all of them deserving complaint. And to all who checked in and suggested I stop to get some rest, I've taken note, I promise.

As I write this, we are were in the midst of reconnecting with each other as a family in Italy. The month prior to our trip felt like a strange square dance in which Chris and I kept passing Quinn off to one another without stopping to a) dance with each other or b) rest our feet as a family. We've needed this time for awhile.

This was my first time to Italy, and I wanted to pinch myself at every passing gondola or square with a lion-spitting fountain in its center. There have been moments since we arrived when I've caught my breath in my throat to ward off tears because these are things that a couple of years ago I thought I might never get to experience.

I might never come back. (Spoiler alert: I came back. But I'm still considering a future move to a pied-à-terre in Rome, on the off-chance I could get my insurance to approve Kadcyla infusions abroad and convince Chris that a sabbatical there makes sense.)

We're doing a lot of walking, so I'm not sure we'll get much actual rest for our feet, but we're being fueled by pasta and wine and gelato so I think we'll be okay.  We averaged more than six miles a day, and Quinn kept up like a champ. We were more than okay. Now that I'm home, my body actually craves the movement...and the gelato. More on how to do a trip to Italy with a 4-year-old coming up in a post soonish.

Posts might be a little spotty here for a couple of weeks, but I'll try to manage an occasional photo of my bambino enjoying the sights. We had really terrible internet coverage when we had it at all, then I was too jet-lagged to even form sentences for a couple of days, and then I had chemo on Friday so I'm still having trouble forming sentences. But I do hope you saw some of the photos of Quinn over on my Instagram account.

A photo posted by Jen Campisano (@jencampisano) on Jun 1, 2015 at 1:07pm PDT

Here's what I've seen around the web the last couple of weeks month. If you have something you'd like me to include in future editions, please send me an email (jen dot campisano at gmail).

Grazie, bellas!

There Was This Depravity (Or, Pay Close Attention to Where and to Whom You Give Your Money)

"In its complaint, the F.T.C. called all four of the cancer groups “sham charities,” charging the organizations with deceiving donors and misusing millions of dollars in donations, including putting money toward personal expenses like carwashes and college tuition, from 2008 to 2012."

There Was This Loss

“Of course I wish I had more time,” she told the Jewish newspaper The Forward in 2009, after learning that her cancer had returned. “I would love to see grandchildren, to see weddings, to be a part of these amazing things for more time, but I love life and don’t want to spend any of it mourning the loss of that which I can’t have. I’d much rather embrace that which I do.”

And This One, Which Seemed to Shake Our Entire Nation

""It is with broken hearts that Hallie, Hunter, Ashley, Jill and I announce the passing of our husband, brother and son, Beau, after he battled brain cancer with the same integrity, courage and strength he demonstrated every day of his life," Joe Biden said in a statement issued by the White House."

But also some uplifting news...

New Device Brings Us Closer to Understanding Metastases

"Metastasis occurs when cancer cells break away from a tumor and travel to distant parts of the body—the most dreaded event for a cancer patient. It is a mystery why some cells are able to travel through the body while others are not. Researchers from the University of Michigan, comprising a team of oncologists and engineers, have developed a new technology to help unlock this code.

A groundbreaking new study released in “Scientific Reports” describes a device that is able to sort cells based on their ability to move. The device allows researchers to take the sorted cells and compare the ones that are highly mobile to the ones that are less mobile. Understanding the differences in gene expression between these two types of cells can help identify why some cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body."

And a Potential Solution for Overcoming Her-2+ Drug Resistance

To be clear, this is still in the earliest, pre-drug stages. Super cool stuff nonetheless.

"There are currently no approved treatments that specifically target the ability of HER2 cells to join together or with other proteins, an essential first step in tumor growth. Lupu and her colleagues are now confirming the antitumor activity of this potential HER2 “master switch” in animal models. They will then move on to clinical testing, and the investigation of drugs—such as mimetic agents, targeted antibodies, and small molecules—that could specifically block this site responsible for HER2’s oncogenic potential.

“This drug does not yet exist; it is a promising area of future research,” said Lupu. “We believe that there is definitely hope because this is the first time that anybody has identified any region that blocks homodimerization and heterodimerization, which will simplify the treatment of the cancer. Rather than combining two, three or four drugs together, this will be a one-stop-shop.”"

How Breast Cancer Spreads to Bones -- And a Simple Way to Stop It

In my mind, this is HUGE news.

"Breast cancers can manipulate the structure of bone to make it easier to spread there, a study has found.

Researchers at the University of Sheffield said the tumours were effectively "fertilising" the bone to help themselves grow.

The study, in the journal Nature, said it may be possible to protect bone from a tumour's nefarious influence and consequently stop the cancer's spread. . . .

The animal tests also showed that a set of osteoporosis drugs called bisphosphonates could prevent the spread of cancer.

Bisphosphonates also interfere with the way bone is recycled in order to strengthen it.

They are already given to some cancer patients, but the Sheffield team believe they could have a much larger role."

Promising Early-Phase Clinical Trial Results Against Stage IV Her-2+ Breast Cancer 

"Promising clinical trial results presented at the American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting 2015 show activity of the investigational anti-cancer agent ONT-380 against HER2+ breast cancer, in one case specifically against brain metastases and in another case in overall survival of heavily pretreated HER2+ breast cancer patients.

"I am thrilled to have been able to offer this therapy to a patient in her early 40s. She didn't have any other great treatment options that we would have expected to have any meaningful impact, especially on her brain. Now she's been on the study over a year. The mets in her body are gone and the brain lesion has shrunk down to a little nubbin. She's living a normal life, fretting about the family business and how the kids are doing -- normal stuff," says Virginia Borges, MD, MMSc, director of the Breast Cancer Research Program and Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program at the University of Colorado Cancer Center and one of the study's authors."

Study Shows Complete Response for Some Patients with Metastatic TNBC 

"Immunomedics, Inc., (IMMU) today announced that among 49 patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) evaluated for response to treatments with sacituzumab govitecan in a mid-stage clinical study, 31%, or 15 patients, showed a reduction in tumor size of 30% or more. They include 2 patients with complete response. Response assessments were based on the rules set by the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1). Adding the 22 patients with responses between less than 30% tumor shrinkage and less than 20% tumor increase, the disease control rate was 76%. . . .

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has designated sacituzumab govitecan a Fast Track development program for the treatment of patients with TNBC who have failed prior therapies for metastatic disease and patients with small-cell or non-small cell lung cancers."

And Promising News on the Cancer Front in General (out of the ASCO 2015 Annual Meeting)

"A new drug that unleashes the body’s immune system to attack tumors can prolong the lives of people with the most common form of lung cancer, doctors reported on Friday, the latest example of the significant results being achieved by this new class of medicines.

In a separate study, researchers said they had found that a particular genetic signature in the tumor can help predict which patients could benefit from the immune-boosting drugs.

The finding could potentially extend use of these drugs to some patients with colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and other tumors that have seemed almost impervious to the new drugs. Most of the substantial results so far with these expensive drugs have been in treating melanoma and lung cancer."

A Way to Eliminate Many Types of Cancer Cells -- At Least in Mice

"A type of immune cell can be primed to attack and eliminate various kinds of malignant cancers in mice, according to a study by Stanford University School of Medicine researchers.

The researchers studied mouse models of melanoma, pancreatic, breast and lung cancer and found that their technique could eliminate not only primary tumors, but also distant metastases throughout the body.

“The potency is impressive,” said Edgar Engleman, MD, PhD, a professor of pathology and of medicine at Stanford and the senior author of the study. “You actually see tumor eradication.”"

Around the Web: Overdue Edition

Every few weeks, Quinn and I go to the Scottsdale Public Library, which has a superb children's section. There are painted moats on the floor and real castle walls and a drawbridge that leads the way into a reading nook. There are legos for building, a giant stuffed dragon for riding, puppets and a stage for creating stories, and age-appropriate games housed on iPad learning centers. It's a wonderful space. But still, we forget (and by "we," I mean "I") to return in time to get our books in when they're due. I end up logging into my account online and renewing our checked-out books to avoid a late fee and a 15-minute drive.

{We have always loved reading together. Sept. 2012}

Much like our beloved library books, this "Around the Web" series is long overdue for a renewal. Or at least an update, since research is (by all accounts I can find) still happening. Progress, though sometimes achingly slow, is being made.

I don't even know if you guys come here for the research I sometimes post, but I think some of you might. I also think it's important (for my own sanity, if nothing else) to take note of the advances being made on the research side of things. To laud the glimmers of hope out there. Some of them are starting to shine pretty brightly.

***

At the conference I attended in New Jersey a couple of weeks ago, I wondered if I was somewhat of an imposter being at this summit for Online Health Advocates. Was I one? Could I fill those shoes? I mentioned once or twice that I didn't feel so much like an advocate as I did a storyteller, to which a couple of other attendees told me, "Nonsense. That is how we advocate, how we connect with people, through our stories."

Stepping into the role of advocate a bit more fully, for me, means keeping up a little better with the science side of things. (As long as it's not organic chemistry.) I used to be a lobbyist, in my former life back in DC. Yes, stories are how we connect, but when you're sitting in a wonk's office you also better know a little something about the guts of your subject matter. Where is progress being made? What research is most promising? How is it being funded? How can Congress help? I'm exploring a few opportunities that I hope will help me dive even deeper into this arena, and in that vein I'll be brushing the dust off my shoulders to participate in the National Breast Cancer Coalition's annual lobby day before Congress when I'm in DC next week.

{Photo: Mike Boening Photography}

After I walk 39.3 miles.

In the meantime I'm wondering if this is the right format -- or platform even -- for these posts on the research I cull from around the web. What do you think? Keep them here? Or would you subscribe to a newsletter if I promised to keep up with it? Please let me know what you think. And for now, here's the best of what I've found over the past month. (Like I said, overdue!)

Embracing My Inner Pollyanna

via Ann Silberman

"Some cases of metastatic breast cancer are already cured, Sledge said: in the adjuvant setting, where it is micrometastatic disease but still metastatic; and with oligometastatic breast cancer, as the CALOR (Chemotherapy for Isolated Locoregional Recurrence of Breast Cancer) trial has shown recently (Aebi et al. Lancet Oncology 2014;2:156-163).

'So the question is not why can't we cure, but rather why don't we cure more?' he said."

Because Scientists are Doing Things Like This

"Investigators from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute have developed an imageable mouse model of brain-metastatic breast cancer and shown the potential of a stem-cell-based therapy to eliminate metastatic cells from the brain and prolong survival. The study published online in the journal Brain also describes a strategy of preventing the potential negative consequences of stem cell therapy.

"Metastatic brain tumors - often from lung, breast or skin cancers - are the most commonly observed tumors within the brain and account for about 30 percent of advanced breast cancer metastases," says Khalid Shah, MS, PhD, director of the Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory in the MGH Departments of Radiology and Neurology, who led the study. "Our results are the first to provide insight into ways of targeting brain metastases with stem-cell-directed molecules that specifically induce the death of tumor cells and then eliminating the therapeutic stem cells.""

Scientists are SO FREAKING COOL.

A Switch to Tame Triple-Negative Breast Cancer?

"Australian researchers have found that so-called 'triple-negative breast cancers'1 are two distinct diseases that likely originate from different cell types. This helps explain why survival prospects for women with the diagnosis tend to be either very good or very bad.

The Sydney-based research team has found a gene that drives the aggressive disease, and hopes to find a way to 'switch it off'."

Promising Outcomes from Early Phase Trials for Metastatic Triple Negative BC

"The high mutation rate of triple-negative breast cancer, which can produce neoantigens that induce an immune response, makes it a candidate for cancer immunotherapy, in particular PD-L1-targeted therapies. In addition, patients with triple-negative breast cancer with high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), have improved outcomes, Emens said."

And for Her-2+ Metastatic Breast Cancers, As Well

""We also saw responses in these women, particularly in those that were anthracycline-naïve," continued LoRusso. "Given that many of the patients had disease that had progressed following treatment with trastuzumab [Herceptin], T-DM1 [Kadcyla], and pertuzumab [Perjeta], these results are encouraging and led to the ongoing randomized, phase II HERMIONE clinical trial, which is testing whether MM-302 plus trastuzumab is more effective than chemotherapy of physician's choice plus trastuzumab for locally advanced/metastatic, HER2-positive breast cancer.

"If the results of HERMIONE are positive, MM-302 may provide another therapeutic option for women with HER2-positive breast cancer," LoRusso added."

Plus a New Signaling Pathway Discovered in Her-2+ Breast Cancer Cells

THIS: "One of the most promising ideas in cancer treatment is to apply a lesson learned in the fight against AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome): simultaneously attacking a pathological process at different points of weakness can, in some cases, deal a knock-out blow. Just as the so-called AIDS "cocktail" directs multiple agents against multiple targets, so too might future anti-cancer cocktails be directed at multiple, highly specific targets in known cancer pathways."

Don't Worry, Scientists are Finding Ways to Halt Hormone-Driven Cancer, Too

"An experimental drug rapidly shrinks most tumors in a mouse model of human breast cancer, researchers report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. When mice were treated with the experimental drug, BHPI, “the tumors immediately stopped growing and began shrinking rapidly,” said University of Illinois biochemistry professor and senior author David Shapiro. “In just 10 days, 48 out of the 52 tumors stopped growing, and most shrank 30 to 50 percent.”"

There's a Lot of Buzz About the Future of "Liquid Biopsies"

"But eventually, we’ll begin to match specific clinical outcomes, such as therapy response, with the circulating DNA that is sequenced. We’re also working on building databases that will show which cancer drugs work most effectively with which cancers at a genetic level. We’re moving forward with this research at an exciting pace; in the next five to ten years, it’s going to make a tremendous difference in how we practice medicine."

The Psychology of Living with Advanced Cancer

“We’re all terminal,” Bellizzi says. “We’re all dying with each passing day, and there’s no way to get around that. I have found that starting my day with that thought helps me change my priorities and perspective. I try to never forget to tell people I love that I love them. If I get in a fight with a family member, I make sure to fix that before I go to bed. We don’t know what’s around the corner. I think it helps us live that way by reminding ourselves that it’s not cancer but life that’s a terminal condition.”

Around the Web: In Memoriam

The cancer community (and at least a few others) reverberated with the death of blogger and frequent tweeter Lisa Adams last week.

{photo source}

One woman posted on Facebook, “It is hard to explain to your family why you’re crying over the loss of someone you’ve never even had a cup of coffee with.” Another explained our collective crying, in part:

#bcsm When a cancer sister dies, it is unavoidable: terror of our own death coming by the same means arises, unexpected and strong.
— Xeni (@xeni) March 9, 2015

It's not just fear of our own mortality, of course. We also miss our friends.

I am not alone in missing Lisa's wit and quick comfort. Even in 140 characters or less, she knew how to get straight to the heart of a matter, what to say, how to be a friend, the right words to use to educate the rest of us about clinical trials, palliative care, end-of-life decisions, and how to stay positive through it all (to paraphrase: find or create a bit of beauty).

My friend Renee's birthday was this week. I miss her, too. And Brigid, and Jen, and far too many others to list here.

So, yes, we grieve for our friends. But there is a large dose of fear. We who are living with metastatic breast cancer can't help it. We wonder: when will our luck run out? How will our families cope? Will our children remember us? Have we done enough to leave our marks, given our limited time (and energy)? Will there ever be an end to this disease? Will it (could we dare to hope) be in our lifetime?

Here is a round-up of the news and research that I hope is moving us in the right direction. My hope sustains me. It brings me out of my fear. Here's to hope. And research.

A New App that May Help Advance Research

"Apple could have slapped a pink ribbon on their iPhone cases during October, or donated a percentage of their October pink iPhone sales to one of the breast cancer organizations, and called it a day. Instead, they chose to put skin in the game, working with Sage Bionetworks to develop ResearchKit -- a completely Open Source (read: FREE) platform for the medical research community to help collect patient-reported data efficiently, effectively, and inexpensively."

You can learn more or download Share the Journey here.

Manipulating Cells' Shapes to Treat Breast Cancer?

"Changing cell shape – through mechanical, chemical or genetic means – could be a new way of assisting the body’s own inflammatory response to fight cancer.

“Interest in using the body’s own inflammatory response to fight cancer has been reinvigorated recently because of the promising results of immunotherapy. Our study further supports the need to explore the role of inflammation and cancer, in order to enhance treatments and the body’s own ability to eliminate cancer cells.”

Professor Paul Workman, Chief Executive of The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said:

'Cancer cells are in a battle against the body’s natural failsafe mechanisms that seek out and destroy them. This study underlines the importance of a cancer cell’s shape in helping to tip the balance in its favour, not only dodging an immune reaction but actually thriving in response to it. It also shows that manipulating cell shape could help tip the balance back against a tumour.'”

Another Treatment Option in the Pipeline for Her-2+ Cancers

"Poziotinib is a novel oral, pan-HER inhibitor that has shown single agent clinical activity in breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer, and is currently being studied in several Phase 2 clinical trials.

Poziotinib has shown a remarkable 60% response rate in early clinical trials in patients with breast cancer who had previously failed multiple lines of treatment, including HER2-directed therapies trastuzumab and lapatinib."

Hope for Fertility Preservation in Certain Early-Stage Breast Cancers

"A major international clinical trial has found that the risk of sudden onset of menopause can be significantly reduced by adding a drug called goserelin to the chemotherapy regimen. Women who took goserelin and wanted to have children also were more likely to get pregnant and deliver a healthy baby.

'Some of the most distressing side effects of chemotherapy in young women with breast cancer are early and sudden onset of menopause and infertility,' said Kathy Albain, MD, senior author, medical oncologist and Director of Loyola University Chicago Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center's Breast Cancer Clinical Research Program. 'These findings provide hope for young women with breast cancer who would like to prevent early menopause or still have children.'"

Lowering the Cost of Cancer Medicines

"The Food and Drug Administration approved the first copy of a biotechnology drug for the U.S. market, firing the starting gun on a new industry that could help the U.S. curb its $376 billion in yearly drug spending.

The drug is a rival version of Neupogen, an Amgen Inc. treatment prescribed to chemotherapy patients."

I never needed Neupogen. Instead, I was given Neulasta, a similar drug that is long-lasting rather than fast-acting. Both work to stimulate white blood cell production. My Neulasta shots cost something on the order of $6,000 per infusion, and I got one after every treatment on my old chemo. 

This news could save a lot of people a lot of money. 

Speaking of Money, A Little Grant to Fund Metastatic Breast Cancer

Care to match this, Congress?

The Promise of PARP Inhibitors for BRCA-Mutated Breast Cancer

"The FDA’s recent approval of the first PARP inhibitor, coupled with current research, suggests that this new class of targeted therapy has great potential to help not only patients with ovarian cancer for whom the agent is indicated but also individuals with breast cancer. Mark E. Robson, MD, clinic director of the Clinical Genetics Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, presented on this topic at the Miami Breast Cancer Conference.

“It is an exciting time. We have an approval for olaparib (Lynparza) in ovarian cancer and there are active phase III studies for olaparib and other PARP inhibitors in metastatic breast cancer for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations,” said Robson."

This One's for My Husband: Chemo Brain Might be Treatable!

Hallelujah. Right, Chris?

Around the Web: Stomp Out BC Edition

There was a movement among the online breast cancer community yesterday to raise awareness for metastatic breast cancer, to call attention to a side of the disease that rarely gets talked about, to make some noise collectively. Stomp Out Breast Cancer Monday was the brainchild of Beth Fairchild (view her news clip here). The goal was to get the hashtags #dontignorestageiv #bckills and #metsmonday trending on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, or wherever an impact might be felt.

I don't know about you, but my Facebook feed was filled with stories of women I have come to love, women who are facing this disease with so much grace it felt like my heart might burst reading through their experiences. One friend wrote: "The hardest part about living with metastatic breast cancer isn't the treatments. It's looking into my 9 year old's eyes and seeing the pain and fear there. Cancer is a thief that has robbed all of my kids of their innocence." 

Then last night, because Quinn took a weird late-afternoon nap that lasted until 8:30 pm, I was able to participate in the #BCSM Twitter chat that takes place on Monday nights. I got to say hi to some old friends (and new) as we talked about what we'd seen on social media that day: what resonated, what worked, what could be done differently in the future, what our ultimate goal even is. (RESEARCH DOLLARS NOW, PLEASE!!!) Then I found myself crying as we remembered friends who've passed away, and I tweeted this: 

I do not want my son to have to remember me. #bcsm
— Jennifer Campisano (@JCampisano) March 3, 2015

I am also extra emotional because Chris is FINALLY home after four weeks in Africa, because Quinn turns four this week, and because I have a scan on his birthday. It's as if, with Chris back, I can let my guard down and let all this pent up emotion out. I no longer have to run the household by myself, be a single parent (my utmost respect and awe to those of you who are always single parents), or worry as much about the bogeyman every weird noise at night.

Today was emotional, but also inspiring in so many ways. I was proud of how this community rallied to get our voices heard. I hope I can continue to be a part of that rallying cry for many, many years to come.

Here's what else I saw on the web this week.

Basket Studies a Faster Way to Try Many Drugs on Many Cancers

"She is part of a new national effort to try to treat cancer based not on what organ it started in, but on what mutations drive its growth.

Cancers often tend to be fueled by changes in genes, or mutations, that make cells grow and spread to other parts of the body. There are now an increasing number of drugs that block mutations in cancer genes and can halt a tumor’s growth."

A Test to Predict Whether You'll Survive Breast Cancer?

At this point, I'm not sure I'd take such a test. Would you?

"The test uses computerised imaging of tumour samples and statistical analysis to measure the number of immune cell ‘hotspots’.

Researchers found images of hotspots where immune cells were clustered together around breast cancer cells provided a better measure of immune response than simply the numbers of immune cells within a tumour.

Scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, analysed tumour samples from 245 women with ER negative tumours.

They split women with breast cancer into two groups based on the numbers of immune hotspots within their tumours. Women whose cancers had a high number of spots lived an average of 91 months before their cancer spread, compared with just 64 months for those with a low number of spots.

The test is the first objective method of measuring the strength of a patient’s immune response to their tumour."

"This is Going to Happen in Our Lifetimes"

This is long, but so worth the watch. It gave me so many goosebumps. And of course, made me cry. Seriously, by the end I was bawling. But also, so very, incredibly hopeful. 

Around the Web

To all of my friends and family who've stepped in the last couple of weeks, the last few years to help me out and entertain my son and feed our family (sometimes all three things at once), I'm not sure I say it often enough: from the bottom of my heart, thank you. You are exactly why our family has been able to make this chemo thing work while also raising a baby/toddler/preschooler and having a spouse who routinely travels for weeks at a time for work.

Yesterday was a chemo day for me, but also a holiday, which meant Quinn's school was closed. And it's one of those times that Chris is out of town while I need my infusion. I didn't exactly know how I was going to pull it off, and came close to rescheduling my appointment til later in the week. But it turns out I just had to ask. My friend Julee could step in to take Quinn for a few hours. "No problem!" she said. Quinn could play with her son, one of Quinn's best friends, while I went to my infusion center and received treatment.

Then, in the afternoon, Quinn's friend Sydney's dad brought her over for a playdate that relieved me of my obligation to sit hunched over on our hardwood floor, crashing cars with my boy. They even brought popsicles! Sorry, rest of the country where you currently feel like a popsicle.

Thank you, friends, for keeping me afloat.

Again, I've been a little remiss in posting this little series, but that's what single parenting has done to me. But hey, our laundry is folded and our teeth are brushed and I even sent my manuscript to my agent last week. So some things are getting accomplished.

To Wit: The FDA Approves Another Treatment for Metastatic Breast Cancer

"The drug’s efficacy was demonstrated in 165 postmenopausal women with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer who had not received previous treatment for advanced disease. Clinical study participants were randomly assigned to receive Ibrance in combination with letrozole or letrozole alone. Participants treated with Ibrance plus letrozole lived about 20.2 months without their disease progressing (progression-free survival), compared to about 10.2 months seen in participants receiving only letrozole. Information on overall survival is not available at this time."

And the Mayo Clinic is Planning Trials on a Vaccine for Triple Negative B.C.

Oh, how my fingers are crossed on this one.

"Donna Deegan, a WTLV- and WJXX-TV news anchor, is a three-time breast cancer survivor. She was diagnosed with the cancer at age 38.

"For women with triple negative breast cancer, if this works, it could be a game changer," Deegan said.

Perez said that in the past, she was not optimistic about the chances for success of a breast cancer vaccine. However, that has now changed."

Harnessing the Immune System to Fight Cancer

"But scientists recently discovered that cancer takes a page from Harry Potter: It puts on a kind of invisibility cloak.

"Cancer can keep the immune system from recognizing that it's bad and keep it from attacking itself," Brahmer says.

Now scientists have found a way around this.

"The breakthrough is in therapies called 'checkpoint inhibitors,' " Brahmer says."

New Delivery System for Chemo Drugs Shows Promise

"A new device that delivers cancer drugs directly into tumors without relying on perfusion via the bloodstream, could increase life expectancy for patients with pancreatic, breast and other solid cancers, say researchers."

3D Printed 'Phantom' Tumors Could Help Deliver Radiation More Precisely

"Scientists in London are using 3D printed replicas of tumors and organs, called 'phantoms', to show how drugs will pass through tumors and give them a better understanding of how that will be replicated in individual patients."

Certain Her-2+ Tumors May Only Need Chemotherapy (sans Herceptin)

"A study suggests that HER2-positive breast cancer tumors with high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes had a lower risk of the cancer coming back (recurrence) when treated with chemotherapy alone compared to HER-positive tumors with low levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes treated with only chemotherapy.

This means that HER2-positive breast cancers with high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes might be able to be treated with chemotherapy alone and avoid Herceptin (chemical name: trastuzumab)."

I had ZERO side effects from Herceptin, so I was happy to take the kitchen sink approach. But I know what a pain it is to continue on infusions for a year (or longer for those with metastatic disease). Would you skip Herceptin if you could?

A Promising Drug Target for Certain Breast and Ovarian Cancers

"The Food and Drug Administration's recent approval of the drug olaparib for ovarian cancer patients with inherited mutations in the genes BRCA1 or BRCA2 came as welcome news to the thousands of women now eligible to receive it. A new study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists indicates that the pool of patients who can benefit from the drug is potentially much wider -- and offers a ready means of identifying them.

The study, published in the journal Nature, found that an enzyme called polymerase q (or POLQ) is the active agent in the protein "pathway" that olaparib targets within tumor cells. The finding suggests that breast and ovarian cancer patients whose tumor cells carry abnormally high levels of POLQ are likely to respond to the drug -- and that POLQ itself is an inviting target for future therapies."

Lastly, This is Making the Rounds in My Circles: Would You Try It?

One naturopath's take: "Although it is clearly uncomfortable not eating for a total of 72 hours, the research is indicating that this is a worthwhile sacrifice. The discomfort from hunger will actually decrease the severity of the side effects from the chemotherapy. It is also important to keep in mind that this starvation state is triggering a powerful metabolic shift in your cells that protects your cells while making the cancer cells more vulnerable to the chemotherapy."

I am fairly strong-willed, but I don't think I could voluntarily go without food for three days. What about you? Would you try this? Have you? Or is this guy a total coconut?

Around the Web

Quinn and I spent most of the day yesterday on the couch. He was recovering from a minor but necessary surgery that left us both exhausted and me frayed all around my edges. (Quinn on the other hand seemed totally fine, as long as I continued to supply him with jello.)

Recovering from (minor) surgery like a champ with some help from his "pets."

A photo posted by Jen Campisano (@jencampisano) on Jan 12, 2015 at 2:14pm PST

The anesthesiologist allowed me to carry Quinn back to the OR, where I held him while he protested (Quinn, not the anesthesiologist). Quinn was screaming and crying that he didn't want the mask they'd tried to tell him was a superhero mask, while the doctor held it gently above my child's face. I rubbed Quinn's sweaty hair off his forehead and told him how brave he was. Somehow, I held it together until he passed out, then broke out in sobs as I walked out of the room.

Quinn and I watched four -- yes, four -- movies in a row yesterday. Three of which we already owned. I hesitated about paying the money to purchase the fourth one.

"It's twenty dollars, buddy," I said.

"I can handle that," Quinn answered.

HA. Ha ha ha ha ha.

I chuckled so hard that I gave in and paid the money. Well handled, indeed, my little man.

***

On to the news I came across over the last week. Is it just me, or is this week's round-up exceptionally full of good news and hope? Here's to 2015, people.

Why Do Some People Develop Resistance to Cancer Therapies? 

Duke researchers may have the answer, according to a couple of recently-published studies.

"The team managed to map the particular steps that breast cancer cells (along with melanoma and blood cancer cells) use to gain resistance to drugs."

And a Potential New Drug Target for Combating Those Resistant Cells

"Researchers have identified a signaling pathway that contributes to the slow proliferation of difficult-to-kill cancer cells. These cells, which are resistant to current treatments, are believed to be responsible for instances of cancer relapse. The researchers believe that the signaling pathway could therefore provide a potential target for new treatments.

'Most cancer treatments target rapidly dividing cancer cells but leave the slowly dividing ones unharmed and still capable of causing disease recurrence after the initial treatment,' Dr. Ramaswamy adds. 'Our goal has been to understand how these slow proliferators are produced in order to devise ways to eliminate them.'"

FDA Fast-Tracks Drug to Treat Advanced Triple Negative Breast Cancer

"The FDA. . . granted fast track status to sacituzumab govitecan, an antibody–drug conjugate in development for treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer who failed prior therapies for metastatic disease, according to the drug’s manufacturer.

The FDA’s Fast Track program is intended to facilitate the development and expedite the review of new drugs intended to treat serious conditions, as well as agents that would fill unmet medical needs.

The FDA based its decision on the efficacy sacituzumab govitecan has shown in patients with advanced triple-negative breast cancer."

Well, This is Potentially HUGE for Her-2+ Breast Cancer Patients...

"Scientists at Dalhousie University’s medical school have found a never-before-used combination of drugs that shut down aggressive breast cancer tumours and prevent the disease from recurring."

(I couldn't not put emphasis on that entire sentence.)

Could This Spell the End of Cancer?

"By tapping into a cell's natural processes, researchers may have found a way to inhibit tumor growth and ultimately kill off cancer cells.

'We believe this small molecule will address an unmet cancer need in an underexplored area that will be rapidly applicable to the clinic,' said Dr. Jerry Shay, vice-chairman and professor of cell biology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and senior co-author for the study."

New Drug for Hormone-Driven Breast Cancer Set for Approval This Spring

"The first in a new class of cancer medicines, Pfizer's Ibrance, appears poised for approval to treat advanced breast cancer within a few months and could quickly become a blockbuster, some analysts believe.

Those drugs are believed to block enzymes, called CDK4 and 6, that help cancer cells divide uncontrollably."

Breakthrough as Gene Driving Triple Negative Breast Cancer is Discovered

"Scientists have identified the gene behind one of most aggressive forms of breast cancer in a breakthrough which could bring life-saving new treatments.

Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the most deadly forms of the disease and nearly one quarter of patients diagnosed will not survive for more than five years.

Now researchers at Cambridge University and the Wellcome Trust’s Sanger Institute have found that the BCL11A gene is overactive in eight out of ten patients."

Personal Liberty vs. An 85% Chance of Survival for One 17-Year-Old Girl

On the one hand, I'm a strong believer in letting children have some say in what happens to their bodies. Meaning: if Quinn says stop tickling, I stop tickling. And I don't force him to give hugs, much to his grandparents' chagrin. 

HOWEVER, I would certainly make my child receive chemotherapy if there was an 85% chance of survival. There would be no question. She would sit in that infusion center and I would hold her hand through side effects and uncertainty and I would hate it but I would make her fight. (This hypothetical 17-year-old girl child of mine.)

Having gone through what I've gone through to spend more time with my family, I cannot wrap my head around this mother's position one little bit. But I'm curious: what's your take?